1968 Chicago Seven / Eight Songs
Context
The arrested included eight high profile activists - Abbie Hoffman and Jerry Rubin from the hippie movement, the Black Panther leader Bobby Seale, political activists Rennie Davis, David Dellinger, Tom Hayden, John Froines, and Lee Weiner. The trial began on 24 September 1969, but soon after, the Judge, Julius Hoffman, ordered Bobby Seale to be bound and gagged for contempt of court. He was tried separately, and thus the eight became seven.23456 Public opinion78
- 1 The Guardian: The whole world is watching chicago police riot vietnam war regan ↩
- 2 Chicago Tribune: The Chicago Seven trial (archived copy) ↩
- 3 nybooks.com: A special supplement the trial of bobby seale ↩
- 4 Battleground Chicago: The Police and the 1968 Democratic National Convention (Frank Kusch, 2004) ↩
- 5 Revolts, Protests, Demonstrations, and Rebellions in American History [3 Volumes]: An Encyclopedia (Steven L. Danver, 2011) ↩
- 6 Famous Trials (UMKC Law) ↩
- 7 JSTOR article ↩
- 8 Polls and the Awareness of Public Opinion (Leo Bogart) ↩
1968
Documentary, spoken-word record, the first track on the B-side was titled "The Campaign Part III and Chicago Convention", with further details on the back of the LP, which said: "Chicago Convention: Mayor Richard Daley-hippies in Chicago-Walter Cronkite with the Mayor-Chicago Police". Produced by WBBM Newsradio 78 CBS Chicago. Presented by St. Paul Federal Savings of Chicago. Pressed by Columbia Record Productions.
1969
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- Protest song - recalls the events
- Police violence, reference to Mayor Daley
- Twin Record Production TRG 23 A, yellow label with "World of Hits" globe logo, 1175 N.E. 125th Street, North Miami, Florida, Suite 312; "August 1968" (Jon Agee), Elkee Music, BMI; produced by Bud Reneau & Bill Stith, arranged by Bud Reneau. [From the record sleeve and labels]
Spoken-word speech from Eugen Nickerson, during a moratorium speech in New York on 15 October 1969, which references the Chicago demonstration. He was Democratic county executive of Nassau County, New York from 1962 until 1970.
Side 1: Our Nat'l Anthem / Malachy's Bar & Grill / Texas Tweezers / The Drug Co. / Ave Maria / Jesus (total time 25:30);
Side 2: Rubin / Flush Cool Water for Nixon / Chicago / Washington at Valley Forge / Religion of Sorts / Out of Doors / God Bless America / The Only Dope Worth Shooting (total time 25:04).
The cover, "Abbie Hoffman sings on his friends The Joint Chiefs of Staff...", is a comic-strip drawing signed "p bramley": Hoffman in a stars-and-stripes shirt juggling a top-hatted baby, ringed by panels of a smog-choked city, an astronaut planting a flag on the moon, Uncle Sam with a hippie ("Lids?"), a haloed figure fleeing a boat ("Hey! Hippie!"), a fife-and-drum trio and the Statue of Liberty with a raised fist and a women's symbol.
The back repeats the art in black and white with a quote "sez Abbie" ("I feel like a famous Indian Chief of the Fagowee Nation ... 'Where the f... are we?'"), special thanks to Malachy McCourt, Bob Fass, Alex Bennett, WGSU-FM, Geneseo, N.Y., and KUT-FM, Austin, Texas, and "Recorded in Texas, N.Y., Philadelphia, Canada, and ZBS"; credits: Engineer: Virgil Snakeskin; Artwork: Peter Bramley; Stuck together: Bob Booger; Music: The Joint Chiefs of Staff. [From the record sleeve and labels]
1970
The front shows a line of helmeted GIs walking and flashing peace signs. The 16-page booklet opens with a photograph of Barbara Dane at the Oleo Strut, Fort Hood, Texas (photo by Carolyn Mugar), and contains "About the GI Movement" by Irwin Silber, on the GI coffee houses and underground papers; "If This Be Treason..." by Barbara Dane, describing singing for soldiers and Marines at the Oleo Strut, Ft. Dix and an Oceanside USO; notes on each song; full lyrics with credits; "Barbara Dane: Singer for the GI Movement" by Howard Levy; and "Barbara Dane Speaks to the GI Movement", reprinted from The Fatigue Press, GI newspaper, Fort Hood, Texas, an autobiographical letter signed "With all my love, Barbara".
It is illustrated with GI-newspaper headlines ("GI's Unite!", "Fort Riley Rebellion", "Brag Briefs"), cartoons and the statement "The opinions expressed in this paper are not necessarily those of the Dept. of the Army!", and closes with the Paredon Records manifesto.
Side I: Join the GI Movement (words Barbara Dane, after Aunt Molly Jackson's "I Am a Union Woman"); Hallelujah, I'm a Bum (new words 1970 by B. Dane and Irwin Silber); Ballad of Richard Campos (Danny Valdez); Go Tell It on the Mountain (Freedom Song from Mississippi 1964, brought up to date by B. Dane); Just Another Day (Bill Frederick); We Shall Not Be Moved, with Italian and Spanish verses.
Side II: The Resistance Hymn (tune Patriot Game, words adapted by B. Dane from "The Hello People"); Insubordination; Last Drink with Don (words Fred Gardner, music Barbara Dane); Bring 'Em Home (music and tag line Pete Seeger, new words by B. Dane and GIs from Ft. Hood, 11/9/69), with a footnote glossing "FTA" as the Army's "Fun, Travel and Adventure" and the GIs' "Fuck the Army!". [From the record sleeve and labels]
The second track "Bobby Seale / The Real Criminals" of course focused on the co-founder of the Black Panthers, Bobby Seale, noted to have been "shackled to a chair, hands cuffed, mouth taped" because he wanted to defend himself in the courtroom. Gregory made the point that if the same thing had happened Russia, Americans would be pointing fingers at the communist. He noted that serial killer Charles Manson was permitted to defend himself, as well as Jack Ruby, who assassinated Lee Harvey Oswald. He concluded that to be convicted in an American court room does not make you a criminal, and that Bobby Seale faced discrimination from a racist judge and court.
- In co-operation with WVUM - student radio station at the University of Miami
- B-side: Vietnam War moratorium new report, Chicago 7 / 8 with sound clips
Labels (black and silver): mono, 33⅓ rpm; side one runs 6:00 and is marked "In cooperation with WVUM"; "Moratorium" opens side two. [From the record labels]
Documentary record, narrated by Walter Cronkite, well-known US broadcast journalist, for CBS, born 4 November 1916 in Saint Joseph, Missouri, USA, died 17 July 2009 in Manhattan, New York, USA. This record included the track "Republican and Democratic Conventions 1968". It was a 3-LP box-set.
Documentary record, with the track "Antiwar Demonstration" (Scholastic Records # FS 12004) - field recordings and interviews from Chicago, as protesters hand in their draft cards - possibly during the 1968 demonstration, but unknown. Contains religious sentiment. Back of the sleeve said "At a peace rally in front of City Hall in Chicago, demonstrators tell why they have turned in their draft cards - and why they are opposed to the war in Viet Nam. One tells of his encounter with a draft board. Another, a young man who hopes to be a priest, tells why - even at the risk of jail - he puts loyalty to his religion above loyalty to country. Some bystanders comment on the demonstration. One of them is a policeman, who talks about the legality of the demonstration"
1971
- In co-operation with WVUM - student radio station at the University of Miami
- B-side: Vietnam War moratorium new report, Chicago 7 / 8 with sound clips
- Since the early 1960s, Sainte-Marie claimed to have been born on the Piapot Cree First Nations Reserve in the Qu'Appelle Valley, Saskatchewan, Canada, and that she descended from the Cree. However, a CBS investigation concluded that Sainte-Marie was born in the US, of Italian and English descent. RCA Victor RCA 2081 (ZTSP 222617), stereo, orange label, "Manufactured by RCA Limited, England from master recordings of RCA Records", "A Product of Vanguard Recording Society Inc."; "Moratorium (Bring Our Brothers Home)" (Buffy Sainte-Marie), Caleb Music (MCPS), 4.00; produced by Buffy Sainte-Marie & Jack Nietzsche (AGBKS 0532).
Issued in a green and white RCA company sleeve. [From the record sleeve and labels]
On this album featured the song "Relaxing Town" (Atlantic # SD 7206), which expressed discontent with the protest movement, with the narrator wishing to settle down in a quit town, away from the demonstrations and revolution. It contained a minor reference to the confrontation between prominent hippie Jerry Rubin, one of the Chicago Seven, and Mayor Richard J. Daley: "Jerry Rubin versus Mayor Daley...admission is free, we can all stay home and watch it on TV".
1972
On this 1972 album featured the song "The Chicago Conspiracy" (Apple Records # SW 3391) which addressed both the 1968 Chicago demonstrations and the "Chicago Eight" - the narrator listed all eight of the high-profile protesters arrested and charged, including Bobby Seale, which many other songs excluded in favour of the "seven". The song placed blame on the Chicago mayor: "Daley made this place a city of disgrace" . The narrator said that the arrests and trial revealed that "we're not free in this society" . It encouraged the listener to "kill..fight...never run" and to keep "marching against the great injustice" .
1973
1974
1979
1980
Recorded in performance at Capitol Records Studio 'A', Hollywood, California, October 2 & 3 1979; produced by Nikolas K. Venet (Summerwind Productions), who "personally dedicates this production to Bertold Brecht, Nicholas Ray and Leonard Peltier"; performance engineers Jay Ranellucci and Hugh Davies, 2nd engineer Cecil Jones, mastered by Wally Traugott, master stereo mix and edit Jay Ranellucci.
Side one "Act One, Part One" 24:11, side two "Act One, Part Two" 27:44, side three "Act Two, Part One" 29:22, side four "Act Two, Part Two" 29:16.
The front cover is styled as a court document ("United States of America vs David T. Dellinger, Rennard C. Davis, Thomas E. Hayden, Abbott H. Hoffman, Jerry C. Rubin, Lee Weiner, John R. Froines, and Bobby G. Seale", No. 69CR180, "Violation: Title 18, United States Code, Section 371, 231 (a) (1) and 2 101") over a drawing of the judge with gavel; the back shows a courtroom scuffle photograph.
The gatefold photograph of the staged courtroom ("Setting: United States Courthouse, Chicago, Illinois, September, 1969 - February, 1970") labels each character with the actor, with full cast lists including George Murdock as Judge Julius Hoffman, Leopoldo Mandeville as Bobby Seale and Marty Davis as Mayor Richard Daley, and quotes Jerry Rubin's contempt-hearing exchange ending "It is good theater, Your Honor." [From the record sleeve and labels]
1983
Composed in 1982 by Michael Jerling, born 17 April 1952, in Joliet, Illinois, USA, and currently based in Saratoga Springs, New York, USA12 The record was released on this Fast Folk Musical Magazine various artist compilation in 1983 - this was a New York-based magazine and record album publisher, from February 1982 to 1997, a songwriter / performer cooperative. It also published many political and social contemporary songs, playing a similar role to Broadside Magazine in the 1960s. This song also featured on his 1998 compilation Early Jerling (Waterbug Records # WBG 0043), and on the 2002 compilation Fast Folk: A Community of Singers and Songwriters (Smithsonian Folkways Recordings # SFW40135). The song was covered in 1989 by Richard Meyer on Fast Folk Musical Magazine (Vol. 5, No. 3) - Live at the Bottom Line 1989 (Fast Folk # FF 503), discussed below.
1988
1990
The "Long Black Wall" by Richard Meyer, a contemporary folk artist, born in 1952, and died in New York, USA on 14 May 2012, was a long-term editor of Fast Folk - this was a music magazine and record album publisher from February 1982 to 1997, a songwriter / performer cooperative. It also published many political and social contemporary songs, playing a similar role to Broadside Magazine in the 1960s. This song was a cover, composed by Michael Jerling in 1982, and released in 1983 on the LP: CooP Fast Folk Musical Magazine (Vol. 2, No. 4) - Political Song, discussed above.
1994
1996
2000
2003
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2005
2009
2014
1
- 1 Antiwar Songs ↩
2015
2018
2019
2021
Unknown date
Patriotic and conservative views were typically found in the country music genre, especially in the early years of the war. This song is especially interesting in that it sided with the protesters, despite being a country record and being released in Oklahoma. The narrator, from the perspective of the Chicago Seven, said that "we love our freedom of speech" , and that "we know the Constitution" - that they had a right to demonstrate and express their views. It went on to say "we came unprepared to fight" , and that the Chicago police started the violence. Note the reference to the Silent Majority: "we'll just one bit of the minority and we love the whole majority, we are Americans who didn't sit by silently" - a reference to Richard Nixon's speech on the war on 3 November 1969: "to you, the great silent majority of my fellow Americans—I ask for your support".
- 1 vondelsmithmortuary.com: Rodden earl (link no longer available) ↩
- 2 Catalog of Copyright Entries: Third series (Library of Congress. Copyright Office, 1971) ↩
This song recalled the demonstrations in Chicago '68, narrated in the first person, from the perspective of a policeman. It contained elements of satire, but overall defended the position of the police. He started sarcastically explaining why he joined the force: "to wear a star and a uniform", and have a car with a "big loud horn". Eventually, after studying hard, he achieved his goal, and for his first big job was assigned to the Convention. There, the narrator claimed that the police faced trouble "from hippies and yippies and communist". He criticised the protesters who raised the flag of the Vietcong - officially known as the National Liberation Front (NFL), the political and military resistance to the US and South Vietnamese government from within South Vietnam. The narrator then claimed that the protesters had "weapons of war, with spikes, bottles, blades", and thus posed a threat, while the Mayor Richard J. Daley did not want Chicago ruined. The song concluded by saying that the police did the best they could, and that "mobs like these " cannot be allowed to " roam, to ruin our country, churches and homes". Thanks to Phil Milstein for providing the digital files.
Lyric theme data
Lyric content themes tagged on the songs in this collection — parent themes with their sub-themes (number of records). Click a theme for its definition and all records carrying it.
Show all 30 themes ▾Key stats
68 songs · 52 releases · 52 artists · 45 labels · 1968–2021
- 1970 is the peak year, with 14 songs.
- 1968–71 holds 36 of the 63 dated songs — more than half in four years.
- 45 were released during the war years (to 1975); 23 came after.
- Five records are undated.
- 52 artists for 68 songs. The most represented are Abbie Hoffman and The Odyssey Theatre Ensemble, with four each.
- Six of the artists are still unidentified beyond the record: no line-up, no biography.
- One is credited to various artists — compilations and cast recordings.
- Songwriter gender is recorded for 39 of the 68 songs: 34 by men, three by mixed teams and two by women — women wrote 5% of those.
- By performer: 57 men, five women, four mixed groups and two not identified (recorded for 68).
- 41 named songwriters. The most often credited are Frank Condon and Ron Sossi, with four each.
- 33 of the 45 labels appear exactly once; Big Toe has the most, with four.
- 23 sit on a major or well-known imprint — Capitol, A&M, Atlantic, Impulse!, Mercury, Apple, CBS, Columbia. The other 45 are on independent, regional or private labels.
- Four are private pressings with no label at all.
- One 45 puts both of its sides into this list.
- 67 of the 68 are American. California leads with twelve, then New York twelve and Illinois eight.
- New York City accounts for eleven records, more than any other city; Chicago has seven, Los Angeles seven.
- One comes from outside the US: one British.
- By perspective: 35 peace, protest and anti-war; 23 post-war; six patriotic, pro-government or anti-protest; four home front or soldier's perspective.
- 70 distinct sub-themes across 68 songs.
- Anti-War is the single biggest subject — 37 songs, more than half.
- Next come Demonstration (31), Civil Rights (19), Bobby Seale (16) and Counter-Culture & Hippies (10).
- One is answer record to “Green Beret”.